Fruit Breeding at John Innes Institute
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71318/apom.1970.24.1.8Abstract
The John Innes Institute, Norwich, England, has been breeding to improve fruits since 1910. A.G. Brown recently reviewed the fruit improvement efforts of the Institute in the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. Some of the significant points which he reports are as follows:
Apple: For a long time, the emphasis has been on developing varieties with resistance to scab and mildew. The newest introduction is 'Merton Joy', an attractive, productive apple of Sept.-Oct. season, and almost completely free from mildew. 'Merton Ace' has just been named, an early, well colored variety which is not yet available.
Plum: Efforts are being made to develop high quality plums that are self-fertile. Such a variety, named 'Merton Gem', will soon be released. It is a light, golden yellow plum with a bright red blush.
Cherry: Objectives in breeding are resistance to bacterial canker, self-fertility, and dwarfing rootstock. The newest introductions are 'Merton Late,' which ripens in early September, and the variety, 'Merton Crane'.
Strawberry: Efforts are being made to develop varieties suitable for canning, ones with dark flesh for yogourt, and others for mechanical harvesting. The newest variety, still not released, is 'Merton Ruby,' a late, mid-season, productive variety.
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