Apple Rootstock Studies in Eastern Europe

Abstract

Size controlling rootstocks are of increasing interest to Eastern European pomology, particularly clones that will resist the temperature extremes in the northern areas where the well-known EM types succumb to cold injury. In Poland, this work was started in the late '40's by Zagaja by crossing EM IX with some Malus sylvestrisselections, and subsequent screening for rooting potenetial. All of these types were killed during the severe test winter of 1962-63. These first crosses were followed in the late '50's by some EM IX x Antonovka crosses, the more desirable ones surviving the 1962-63 winter. These are now entering their second test and, along with a third series of crosses, involving other EM types with the hardier varieties, will be available for distribution once additional horticultural qualities are determined.