A Development Based Classification for Branch Architecture in Almond

Abstract

Branch architecture in seedling almond [ Prunus dulcis(Mill.) D.A. Webb (syn. P amygdalusBatsch)] trees was characterized by the degree lateral branching in current and previous season growth. This characterization allowed the rapid classification of the wide range of branching habits observed in almond germplasm, including backcrosses from interspecic hybrids. The approach shows promise for assessing the genetic control of branching habit, developing improved branch architectures, and evaluating the relationship between juvenile (seedling) and adult (bearing) almond tree architectures. Progeny distributions demonstrated that targeted and sometimes unique tree architectures could be readily achieved through appropriate selection of parents. Branch architectures of interest for cultivar improvement include a lateral-bearing habit on current and previous season shoots having limited branch size and consistent right-angle orientation to the primary shoot. The resulting arrangement allows improved crop density without excessive shading of lower fruitwood.