Low-Temperature Survival of Flower Buds of Nine Blackberry Cultivars
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71318/apom.2024.78.1.35Keywords:
RubusL. subgenus Rubus, cold hardiness, dormancy, freezing, stressAbstract
Commonly-grown blackberry cultivars are susceptible to low-temperature injury throughout their dormant period in the midwestern United States. A study was conducted to evaluate the temperature at which 50% of the flower buds of nine blackberry cultivars were killed (T 50) following exposure to low temperatures at three selected times during dormancy. Blackberry cultivars evaluated included ‘Apache’, ‘Arapaho’, ‘Caddo’, ‘Osage’, ‘Ouachita’, ‘Navaho’, ‘Natchez’, ‘Ponca’, and ‘Von’. Tissue for artificial freezing tests was collected from a research planting near New Franklin, MO on 17 Jan, 28 Feb, 21 Nov 2022, and 11 Jan and 18 Nov 2023. Immediately after each collection, canes were prepared for low-temperature exposure at a cooling rate of 3 °C/h. Primary flower bud hardiness among all cultivars varied by 7.2, 13.6, and 6.8 °C in Jan, Feb and Nov 2022 sampling dates, respectively. Due to a naturally occurring low-temperature event (-22 °C) in Dec 2022, canes were collected and primary flower bud survival without artificial freezing was evaluated on 11 Jan and 28 Feb in 2023. Natchez’ primary buds had the highest T 50values and low percent survival among the cultivars. In Jan and Feb 2022, T 50values of Natchez’ secondary buds were 7 and 11 °C lower than its primary buds, respectively. At all test dates, Ouachita’ primary buds had consistently low T 50values (-21.7 °C in Jan 2022) or relatively high percent survival compared with other cultivars.
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